blood smear
The Plasmodia develop inside red blood cells, they reproduce by asexual multiplication.
The affected red blood cells eventually burst, releasing their parasites which can reach other red blood cells and continue to develop, when they burst, certain substances are released hemozoin.
They play an essential role in the appearance of the fever, in addition, the development of all the Plasmodia quickly becomes synchronous, so that all the infected red blood cells burst at the same time and release both the parasites and the hemozoin they contained.
This blood \'\'cycle\'\' is the explanation for the periodicity of malarial fevers, it recurs regularly, every 48 hours for Plasmodium falciparum malignant tertian fever for Plasmodium vivax and for Plasmodium ovale non-malignant tertian fevers and every 72 hours for Plasmodium malariae quartan fever, after several cycles, the Plasmodia present in the blood may give rise to sexual forms whose development can only take place in the disease-carrying mosquito, the anopheles.
Only the females of this insect bite humans, this \'\' blood meal\'\' is always nocturnal.
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As they ingurgitate microscopic quantities of blood, the anophelines also take in Plasmodia which multiply in the insect, after a few weeks these plasmodia give rise to infesting forms which will accumulate in the mosquito\'s saliva glands.
Transmission to another subject takes place when the mosquito takes another blood meal, in the human body, the Plasmodia begin to multiply intensely in the liver.
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This phase is only transitory there is no \'\'cycle\'\' as such and does not cause any symptoms, the parasites then enter the blood.
There they perform the cycle we have already described, which is responsible for the various symptoms of malaria, malaria prophylaxis prevention is based on two types of measure, the preventive treatment taking of certain drugs and a set of precautions the aim of which is to limit the risks of infection, it has been complicated by the resistance to different antimalarial drugs, with a variable frequency and intensity depending on areas of transmission.
According to a classification proposed by the WHO, these areas are classified in 3 categories, in relation to the frequency and the importance of the resistance to the antimalarial treatments, in the areas of partial resistance and especially total resistance groups II and III, drug combinations of two antimalarial molecules are generally used.
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